N-Tetradecane stands out as a straight-chain alkane hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C14H30. This compound, often found in both laboratory and industrial settings, draws attention for its structure and behavior. The molecule itself contains fourteen carbon atoms laid out in a continuous chain, attached to thirty hydrogen atoms. Its CAS Number, 629-59-4, helps professionals identify and source the chemical. In my own years spent working with raw materials in chemical labs, clear labeling and specification like this proved essential. Whether pouring out of a beaker or tracked on a shipping manifest, accuracy matters.
At room temperature, N-Tetradecane presents itself as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint hydrocarbon odor. Experience in handling shows that it solidifies just above ordinary freezer conditions, with a melting point near 5.9°C. This means in cooler climates or low-temperature storage, it can appear as solid flakes or even as a crystalline substance. Its boiling point hits approximately 253°C, marking it as a stable compound across a broad range of industrial applications. The density sits at 0.762 g/cm3 at 20°C, so in routine lab work, measurement by volume gives reliable, repeatable results. I've seen tetradecane pour easily from glass vessels, but splashback creates slick surfaces — a reminder to manage liquids with respect, even in a familiar environment.
Looking closely at the chemical structure, N-Tetradecane belongs to the saturated hydrocarbon family, following the general alkane formula CnH2n+2. The molecule features no double or triple bonds, leading to its chemical stability and limited reactivity under standard conditions. In practical applications, this kind of unbranched structure yields predictable physical traits and minimal interaction with water or most polar solvents. Its molecular weight reaches 198.39 g/mol, making conversion and calculation straightforward, whether in bulk chemical manufacturing or research projects.
Industries draw upon N-Tetradecane for many purposes. Refineries count on its properties during performance testing of fuels and lubricants, often blending it with various hydrocarbons to assess flammability or lubricity. The substance serves as a reference compound in gas chromatography, giving consistent retention times for calibration. In my own laboratory experience, the predictability of N-Tetradecane makes it a staple for both control samples and experimental comparisons. Chemical processing facilities include it as a raw material when tailoring specialty solvents or intermediate chemicals. Its status as a hydrocarbon means it enters the material chain with expectations around purity and behavior, both in solution and as an isolated liquid.
Commercially, N-Tetradecane arrives in containers as a clear liquid, though under colder conditions, I have received it as crystalline flakes or in a waxy solid form. Laboratories may encounter it in sealed glass bottles, while larger-scale buyers purchase it by the drum or liter for raw material feedstock. Key specifications follow closely — purity often hits above 99%, and sellers include certificates of analysis listing critical data: density, boiling point, and residual impurities. In processed forms, it appears as a liquid, but temperature swings deliver powder or pearl-like appearances, especially during shipping in winter months. Storage facilities keep it in sealed metal or high-density polyethylene containers to avoid evaporation and contamination.
For international trade, N-Tetradecane carries the HS Code 2901.29, marking it among saturated acyclic hydrocarbons. Anyone who works with customs documentation knows the right code prevents costly delays — I recall a shipment sidelined for weeks due to a single digit’s error. Handling paperwork consistently saves time and expense, ensuring a smooth flow from producer to end user.
N-Tetradecane falls under standard safety regulations for chemical substances. Its flash point remains high compared to shorter-chain alkanes, reducing fire risk under normal use, but it remains a combustible substance. Prolonged inhalation of vapors or repeated skin exposure can cause irritation. My own training always stressed gloves, goggles, and working under fume hoods. Accidental spills may lead to slippery workspaces, so swift cleanup and proper waste disposal follow as part of safe laboratory protocol. The compound itself is less acutely toxic than aromatic hydrocarbons, but inhaling large amounts or direct skin contact for extended periods can be harmful. Environmental release raises concerns for aquatic life — a fact that prompts closed-loop systems and spill containment in modern facilities.
Warehousing N-Tetradecane calls for cool, well-ventilated areas with tightly closed containers kept away from sources of ignition. Facilities often post clear signage for hazardous chemicals, and material safety data sheets remain accessible at all times. Experienced chemical handlers use dedicated transfer pumps and avoid open flames or sparks when filling drums or smaller containers. Regular staff training keeps everyone alert to potential hazards, and emergency eyewash or shower stations stand nearby as standard fixtures. In my experience, regular inventory checks and up-to-date labeling reduce confusion and waste, giving teams the information needed for safe and efficient workflow.
N-Tetradecane may not grab headlines, but in refining, laboratory work, and chemical processing, it proves value through reliability, stability, and consistent specifications. Whether as a raw material, a testing standard, or a blended component, it keeps a wide range of processes running smoothly. Truly, attention to detail from specification review to safe disposal builds trust across the supply chain, not only protecting workers and the environment but also delivering dependable outputs for industries everywhere.
