1,2-Octanediol stands out in the world of specialty chemicals as a versatile material, recognized by its molecular formula C8H18O2. Known by its HS Code 2905399090, this compound falls into the diol category, featuring two hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to adjacent carbon atoms along an eight-carbon chain. The IUPAC name gives away much of its identity—octane-1,2-diol. Its chemistry connects with many daily applications, especially in personal care, pharmaceuticals, and industrial processing. Examining a sample, I see either colorless crystals or a clear, viscous liquid, depending on room temperature. Melting down, it moves from solid flakes or powder to a smooth liquid at about 36°C, making it easy to handle in a variety of forms—crystals, flakes, solid pieces, powder, pearls, or fully dissolved solutions.
Measuring just a handful of molecular bonds, 1,2-Octanediol may seem simple: a straight aliphatic backbone, capped at both ends by hydroxyl groups. This setup gives the compound certain traits—hydrophilic on the ends but packing a hydrophobic middle. As a result, 1,2-Octanediol offers compatibility with both water-based and oil-based systems, which I’ve found handy for mixing. It weighs in at a molecular weight of 146.23 g/mol. Standard density sits near 0.94 g/cm³ at 20°C, which makes it just a bit lighter than water, and its solubility changes as the temperature or solvent changes. The boiling point pushes above 260°C. As a solid, it often comes as flakes, pearls, or powder—white and almost odorless. Upon melting, it pours as a colorless, oily liquid that slowly crystallizes if left cool.
For anyone sourcing this material, understanding specifications matters. Purity levels have to meet industry benchmarks, often 98% or higher, with little tolerance for water and other impurities. Reliable suppliers document the CAS number, usually 1117-86-8, and share product-specific data—molecular weight, density, melting and boiling points, appearance, and solubility details—on the certificate of analysis or safety datasheet. Raw material selection shapes product performance, so companies look at origin, processing methods, and traceability to avoid contamination and environmental risks. For my projects, transparency from suppliers makes a measurable difference, from batch-to-batch consistency to handling hazardous waste responsibly.
Thanks to its dual hydroxyl groups, 1,2-Octanediol brings high reactivity, especially in making esters, ethers, and polymers. In my work, I see it act as a humectant—pulling moisture from the air—which benefits personal care formulas. The balance of lipophilic and hydrophilic properties also helps solubilize other ingredients and stabilize emulsions. In water, it is only partly soluble, but combine it with certain alcohols and glycols, and it blends neatly. The nature of its carbon chain means low volatility; it tends to stay put instead of evaporating, so there’s less loss or exposure to fumes in the workspace.
Across the warehouse or the lab, 1,2-Octanediol appears in several forms. Crystals look almost like tiny translucent rocks; flakes and powder offer high surface area for fast dissolution. Pearls provide measured dosing in large-scale processing. In the liquid state, handling becomes smoother and dosing is more precise, especially under warm conditions. Solutions—ready-mixed with water or solvents—cut prep time and limit hazards tied to dust or residue. Choosing the right format depends on the process—some applications benefit from the raw, powdered solid; others need the precision of a pre-diluted liquid.
Even chemicals with a presence in cosmetics need respect. 1,2-Octanediol, though not among the most dangerous chemicals, still calls for gloves, goggles, and a decent exhaust system; skin and eye contact can irritate, and swallowing undiluted product risks digestive upset. Long experience tells me centralized ventilation and labeling helps avoid mistakes. The substance typically earns a “not classified as hazardous” status under many international standards, but safety data sheets warn of harm if mishandled at scale—heat, ignition sources, and incompatible chemicals (strong oxidizers) can set off trouble. Clear labeling and careful training turn what could be a subtle risk into a controlled variable, not a workplace incident.
This diol shows up in many common products, often tucked away on ingredient labels under technical names. In cosmetics, it acts as a preservative booster and skin-conditioning agent, cutting down bacterial growth while giving creams a smooth texture. In plastics, it helps build polymers and resins without adding unwanted odors or byproducts. Pharmaceuticals use it for emulsions and drug carriers. In my time with formulators, their main concern stays around purity—trace contaminants can ruin an otherwise safe end product, so even tiny impurities draw attention. This chemical, made from raw petrochemical or bio-based feedstocks, ranks high for versatility and function.
Like many medium-chain glycols, 1,2-Octanediol pools in wastewater unless treated. Good plant practices mean recycling, neutralization, and adhering to effluent standards. Green chemistry pushes for renewable feedstocks and lower-carbon production methods. My experience suggests bite-sized changes matter—using closed systems, recycling process water, and auditing waste streams shrinking spills and pollution risks. Moving to biobased routes takes a commitment, but payoff comes in smaller footprints and winning the trust of eco-conscious customers.
