Chemical Name: Isopropanol
Synonyms: Isopropyl alcohol, 2-Propanol, IPA, Rubbing alcohol
CAS Number: 67-63-0
Formula: C3H8O
Molecular Weight: 60.1 g/mol
Intended Use: Industrial solvent, disinfectant, cleaning agent, pharmaceutical applications
Manufacturer Information: Provided on original container or accompanying documentation
Emergency Contact: Refer to supplier’s emergency phone number for 24/7 support
Classification: Flammable liquid, Eye irritant, Narcotic effects with high exposure
GHS Label Elements: Flame symbol, Exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor, causes serious eye irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, hot surfaces; No smoking; Avoid inhalation, eye and skin contact; Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Other Information: Can aggravate conditions like dermatitis and respiratory issues
Main Ingredient: Isopropanol
Concentration: 99% or as specified by supplier
Impurities: Water, trace denaturants or stabilizers depending on grade
Ingredient Ranges: Minor constituents can occur in technical and laboratory grades, but should remain below 1%
Chemical Family: Alcohols
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately; support breathing as needed; seek medical help if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, get medical attention for irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse open eyes gently with clean water for 15 minutes, lift eyelids occasionally, get prompt medical help
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, drink water if conscious, consult medical professional promptly
Most Important Symptoms: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, respiratory tract irritation, skin and eye redness
Immediate Medical Attention: Needed for severe exposure via any route, or for symptoms that do not subside
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray to cool containers
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air; containers may rupture with heat
Special Protective Equipment: Full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighters
Fire Fighting Instructions: Evacuate area, use water spray to disperse vapors, cool exposed containers, prevent runoff into drains
Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, toxic fumes
Explosion Limits: Lower: 2%, Upper: 12% (by volume in air)
Flash Point: Approximately 12°C (53°F)
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ventilate area, use personal protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, or soil
Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert material (sand, earth, vermiculite), collect and dispose of properly, wash area with water
Spill Response: Remove ignition sources, stop leak if possible, contain spill, use non-sparking tools
Waste Disposal: Place waste in approved containers, follow local regulations
Handling Precautions: Use only in well-ventilated spaces, ground containers during transfer, avoid breathing vapor, avoid contact with skin and eyes
Storage Requirements: Store in tightly closed containers, in cool, well-ventilated areas away from heat, sparks, and open flames
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acids, halogens, peroxides
Storage Conditions: Do not store near food, drugs, or animal feed; protect from sunlight and humidity
Engineering Controls: Use exhaust ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment where necessary
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 400 ppm (980 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: 200 ppm TWA, 400 ppm STEL
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation to keep levels below limits; explosion-proof equipment
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, butyl), flame-resistant clothing, appropriate respirator with organic vapor cartridge if ventilation is not adequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, remove and wash contaminated clothing before reuse, do not eat or drink near workspace
Environmental Protection: Prevent discharge to streams and soil
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Distinct alcohol-like
Boiling Point: 82-83°C (180°F)
Melting Point: -89°C (-128°F)
Vapor Pressure: 33 mmHg at 20°C
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, chloroform
Density: 0.785 g/cm³ at 20°C
pH: Neutral (typically only for aqueous solutions)
Evaporation Rate: 2.83 (butyl acetate = 1)
Viscosity: Low, approximately 2.43 cP at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and normal use conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents (e.g., chromic acid, nitric acid), aldehydes, acids, halogens, alkali metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possible toxic fumes
Polymerization: Does not occur under normal handling
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flame, sparks, electrostatic discharge, contact with incompatible substances
Reactivity: Reacts violently with some oxidizers, generating heat
Likely Routes of Exposure: Eye and skin contact, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Effects: Eye and mucous membrane irritation, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea; large doses can depress central nervous system
Chronic Effects: Repeated high-level exposure can damage liver, kidneys, nervous system
Oral LD50 (rat): 5045 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50 (rat, 8hr): 16,000 ppm
Skin Sensitization: Not commonly observed, possible with prolonged exposure
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Not considered mutagenic or carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Symptoms of Exposure: Headache, drowsiness, decreased coordination, respiratory tract irritation, vision abnormalities with massive doses
Environmental Fate: Biodegradable; rapidly evaporates from soil and water surfaces
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, does not significantly accumulate in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: High mobility; can leach to groundwater if released in significant quantities
Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Life: LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 9640 mg/L (Pimephales promelas); EC50 (daphnia, 24 hr): > 1000 mg/L
Persistence: Short-lived in environment; rapidly broken down by microorganisms
Possible Environmental Effects: Large spills may deplete oxygen levels in water bodies, harming aquatic life
Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate with approved combustion facilities, recycle solvent where practical
Disposal Containers: Use properly labeled, sealed containers suitable for flammable waste
Local Regulations: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local waste regulations
Precautions: Do not allow contact with soil, drains, or natural water sources during disposal
RCRA Status: Hazardous waste under US EPA regulations (D001 – ignitable waste)
UN Number: UN1219
Proper Shipping Name: Isopropanol or Isopropyl alcohol
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II
Labeling Requirements: Flammable liquid label per DOT regulations
Marine Pollutant: No
Special Provisions: Check appropriate transport authority for detailed packaging, handling, emergency response information
OSHA: Regulated as hazardous; included in OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard
SARA Title III: Subject to certain reporting requirements
TSCA: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
WHMIS (Canada): Class B2 (Flammable Liquids), D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects)
REACH (EU): Registered; subject to restrictions for concentrations above threshold values
California Prop 65: Not listed as a carcinogen or reproductive toxin
International Inventories: Listed in Australia (AICS), Canada (DSL/NDSL), EU (EINECS/ELINCS/NLP), Japan (ENCS), China (IECSC), Philippines (PICCS)
Other: Follow national and local regulations regarding workplace exposure and environmental discharge
