Product Name: Isobutyraldehyde
Chemical Name: 2-Methylpropanal
CAS Number: 78-84-2
Synonyms: Isobutanal; Isobutanaldehyde; 2-Methylpropionaldehyde
Recommended Use: Used in manufacturing of resins, plasticizers, and as an intermediate in organic synthesis
Manufacturer Information: Please refer to supplier documentation for contact details
Emergency Contact Number: Refer to local regulations for emergency numbers and poison control centers
Classification: Flammable liquid category 2; Acute toxicity, oral category 4; Skin irritation category 2; Eye irritation category 2; Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure category 3
Label Elements: Signal word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin and eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation, drowsiness or dizziness.
Pictograms: Flame; Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat and open flame. Do not breathe vapors. Wear protective gloves and eye protection. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Chemical Identity: Isobutyraldehyde
CAS Number: 78-84-2
Concentration: 98–100%
Impurities: Trace impurities may vary depending on supplier, typically less than 2% total; consult specific product documentation for details
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air and allow to rest. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop or persist, like coughing, headaches, or dizziness.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Wash skin with plenty of water and soap. If irritation develops, get medical help.
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water, lifting upper and lower eyelids as needed. Remove contact lenses. Continue rinsing for several minutes. See a doctor as soon as possible.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water if person is conscious. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel. Obtain immediate medical attention.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or water fog
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet can spread fire
Specific Hazards: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. Can produce toxic gases such as carbon monoxide or formaldehyde under fire conditions.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus
Personal Precautions: Remove ignition sources nearby, ventilate area, use personal protective equipment like gloves, goggles, and respirator when necessary
Environmental Precautions: Prevent run-off to drains and waterways. Report significant spills to local authorities.
Methods for Cleanup: Use inert absorbent material to soak up spill, place in a chemically safe container for disposal. Clean area with water after material has been collected.
Handling: Work in a well-ventilated area. Avoid inhaling vapors. Prevent contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Ground all equipment containing material.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from heat, direct sunlight, strong oxidizers, acids, and bases. Use dedicated storage cabinets if handling large volumes.
Exposure Limits: Workplace exposure limit varies by region, typically around 50 ppm (TWA, 8 hours); consult local regulations.
Engineering Controls: Ensure adequate exhaust ventilation, use local removal systems; apply explosion-proof electrical equipment
Personal Protection: Wear approved chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing, safety goggles, and use a NIOSH-approved respirator when aerosol or vapor concentrations approach limits
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and other exposed areas thoroughly before eating, drinking, or leaving work area
Appearance: Colorless, clear liquid
Odor: Sharp, pungent
Odor Threshold: 0.16 ppm
pH: Not available
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -66°C
Boiling Point/Range: 64–66°C
Flash Point: -12°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not determined
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Explosive Limits: 1.7% (lower), 11.0% (upper)
Vapor Pressure: 185 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 2.5 (air=1)
Relative Density: 0.799 g/cm3 (water=1)
Solubility: Approx. 80 g/L in water at 20°C
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 0.68
Autoignition Temperature: 210°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: 0.47 cP at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but may polymerize or degrade under sunlight or heat
Hazardous Reactions: Can react with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, strong reducing agents
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames, sources of ignition, direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, potentially formaldehyde under certain fire or decomposition conditions
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) 2,460 mg/kg. LC50 (inhalation, rat) 800 ppm (4 hours)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes skin irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious eye irritation
Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer, but may cause respiratory symptoms or drowsiness
Long Term Effects: Prolonged exposure may affect central nervous system, liver, kidneys
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Other Effects: Vapors may cause dizziness, headache, nausea
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. LC50 (fish, 96hr): 65 mg/L (Pimephales promelas)
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in the environment
Bioaccumulation: Low potential, log Kow suggests low risk of bioaccumulation
Mobility in Soil: High mobility due to solubility in water. May pose risk of contaminating groundwater if released in significant quantities.
Other Adverse Effects: Avoid release to the environment. Local regulations may require reporting spills.
Waste Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. Use a certified chemical waste disposal contractor.
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers pose fire risk and should be handled as hazardous waste. Do not reuse. Incinerate under controlled conditions if allowed by local law.
Special Precautions: Do not allow material to reach sewage or natural water sources. Follow strict safety procedures throughout disposal process
UN Number: UN 1212
Proper Shipping Name: Isobutyraldehyde
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: II
Label: Flammable liquid
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as a marine pollutant
Special Precautions: Keep containers upright and tightly sealed throughout transport; ensure transporters are aware of hazards, especially the risk of ignition and need for ventilation. Rescue responders should have access to appropriate protective equipment in event of spill during transit.
TSCA Inventory: Listed
DSL/NDSL (Canada): Listed
OSHA Hazards: Highly flammable, irritant, harmful by inhalation
SARA Title III: Section 302 EHS: No; Section 311/312: Acute Health, Fire Hazard; Section 313: Not subject
WHMIS (Canada): B2 - Flammable Liquid, D2B - Toxic Material Causing Other Toxic Effects
REACH Regulation: Registered substance; subject to restrictions and authorization procedures
Other Regulations: Observe all applicable international, national and local laws governing the safe use and handling of chemical substances. Use restrictions, worker safety requirements, and environmental protections can vary by country and region, so review local compliance needs prior to use or distribution.
