Product Name: Carbonate Mixture
Common Names: Calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, industrial process, neutralization, pH balancing
Supplier Contact Info: Supply company address, emergency phone number, contact email
Synonyms: Mixed alkaline carbonates
CAS Numbers: 471-34-1 (Calcium carbonate), 497-19-8 (Sodium carbonate), 584-08-7 (Potassium carbonate)
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous according to OSHA HazCom, can cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation mark (irritant)
Hazard Statements: May cause respiratory and eye irritation; dust formation can irritate mucous membranes
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust; use in well-ventilated areas; wash hands thoroughly after use
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eyes
Calcium carbonate: 60–75%, CAS No. 471-34-1
Sodium carbonate: 10–25%, CAS No. 497-19-8
Potassium carbonate: 5–20%, CAS No. 584-08-7
Impurities: Trace magnesium carbonate, silica, water (<1% total)
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, support breathing if needed, seek medical attention for persistent symptoms
Eye Contact: Rinse gently with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with water for at least 15 minutes
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water if conscious, avoid inducing vomiting, get medical help if discomfort occurs
Advice for Physicians: Treat symptoms; provide supporting care
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or CO2, as mixture isn't itself flammable
Specific Hazards Arising: Releases carbon dioxide gas at high temperature, can displace oxygen in confined spaces
Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective clothing
Special Procedures: Prevent runoff from entering drains; cool containers exposed to fire with water
Personal Precautions: Wear protective clothing, gloves, goggles, dust mask or NIOSH respirator in areas with dust
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material entering waterways and drains, sweep up spills, avoid dust generation
Containment Methods: Use barriers to isolate spill area, ventilate area
Clean-up Procedures: Collect material with dry methods, store in labeled containers for disposal, wet brushing reduces dust formation
Precautions for Safe Handling: Use local exhaust or general ventilation to minimize dust, avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not eat or drink in work areas
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands after handling, remove contaminated clothing, keep work area clean
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, in cool, dry, well-ventilated location, away from acids, moisture, and incompatible materials
Incompatibles: Strong acids, ammonium salts, strong oxidizers
Occupational Exposure Limits: Calcium carbonate (OSHA PEL: 15 mg/m3 total dust); sodium carbonate (no established limit); potassium carbonate (no established limit)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, process enclosure, dust collection systems
Personal Protection: Safety glasses or goggles, gloves (nitrile or PVC), lab coat, NIOSH-approved dust mask or respirator if airborne dust exceeds control limits
Other Protective Measures: Provide eyewash stations, maintain clean workspace
Appearance: White or off-white powder or granules
Odor: Odorless
pH (Aqueous Solution): 9–11
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Decomposes above 825°C (calcium carbonate); sodium and potassium carbonates melt at ~851°C and 891°C respectively
Solubility: Calcium carbonate: low (0.013 g/100 mL water); sodium carbonate: high (21.5 g/100 mL at 20°C); potassium carbonate: high (112 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Density: 2.5–2.7 g/cm3
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flammability: Not flammable
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and use; decomposition releases carbon dioxide at high temperatures or on strong acid contact
Reactivity: Reacts with acids to form carbon dioxide gas; contact with moisture can cause caking
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon dioxide
Incompatible Materials: Acids, ammonium salts, moisture, strong oxidizing agents
Conditions to Avoid: Humidity, strong heat, acid vapors
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, eyes
Acute Effects: Dust inhalation causes respiratory tract irritation, coughing, sneezing; contact with skin and eyes causes redness and discomfort
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure irritates airways; not classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reproductive toxin
Toxicity Data: Calcium carbonate LD50 (oral, rat): >2000 mg/kg; sodium carbonate LD50 (oral, rat): 4090 mg/kg; potassium carbonate LD50 (oral, rat): 1870 mg/kg
Sensitization: Not known to cause sensitization
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Pre-existing asthma, lung disorders, skin conditions
Ecotoxicity: Large quantities raise pH of aquatic environments, creating risks for fish and invertebrates
Persistence and Degradability: Naturally occurring; breaks down to ions in environment
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Mobility in Soil: High for sodium/potassium carbonate; calcium carbonate binds to soils
Other Adverse Effects: High pH wastes affect water quality, harm sensitive plant and aquatic life
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose according to local/regional/national regulations; landfill allowed for non-contaminated, non-hazardous waste
Unused Product: Solid carbonates may be reused or recycled in appropriate settings
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse and remove labels, recycle or landfill in accordance with regulations
Special Precautions: Avoid dispersal and dust formation, use engineered containment in large-volume disposal
UN Number: Not regulated for transport
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous goods
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Precautions: Prevent bulk movement of dust, use secure containers, avoid moisture during transport
Labels Required: None for road, rail, air, or sea transport
OSHA: Not listed as hazardous, dusts regulated by Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated (PNOR)
SARA Title III: Not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313
TSCA: Listed
REACH (EU): Registered substances, meet safety and use standards
California Prop 65: Not listed
Other Regulations: Environmental releases regulated by clean air and water acts, dust control required in workplaces
